Vocabulary

TOEIC Vocabulary: Word Families (Noun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb)

When the four options of a Part 5 question are forms of the same word, look at the blank's position first. Before a noun you usually need an adjective; after the, a or a possessive you need a noun; between a subject and an object you need a verb; and next to a verb or an adjective you usually need an adverb.

Free extract from the Noto Tracks TOEIC course

VerbNoun (thing)Noun (person)AdjectiveAdverb
produceproduction, product, productivityproducerproductiveproductively
competecompetitioncompetitorcompetitivecompetitively
analyzeanalysisanalystanalyticalanalytically
succeedsuccesssuccessorsuccessfulsuccessfully
relyreliability—reliablereliably
employemploymentemployer, employeeemployable—
applyapplicationapplicantapplicable—
informinformationinformantinformativeinformatively
accessaccess, accessibility—accessibleaccessibly
profitprofit, profitability—profitableprofitably
—responsibility—responsibleresponsibly
attendattendanceattendee, attendantattentiveattentively

Ms. Banerjee's ------- analysis of the survey data impressed the board. (A) care (B) careful (C) carefully (D) carefulness

Answer: (B) careful — the blank is between a possessive (Ms. Banerjee's) and a noun (analysis), so it needs an adjective.

Key rule Person nouns and thing nouns are both nouns, so the position alone will not decide between competitor and competition. Check meaning and number: a + singular person (a competitor), or an idea (strong competition).

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